caldera: a crater whose diameter is many times that of the volcanic vent because of the collapse or subsidence of the central part of a volcano or because of explosions of extraordinary violence.
fumarole: hole in a volcanic region and usu. in lava from which issue gases and vapors at high temperature.
epiphyte: [eh puh fite] a plant that grows upon another plant (as a tree) nonparasitically or sometimes upon some other object (as a building or telegraph wire), derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and sometimes from debris accumulating around it, and is found in the temperate zones (as many mosses, liverworts, lichens, and algae) and in the tropics (as many ferns, cacti, orchids, and bromeliads).
mycorrhiza: [my cah rye zah] the symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus (as various basidiomycetes and ascomycetes) with the roots of a seed plant (as various conifers, beeches, heaths, and orchids) in which the hyphae form an interwoven mass investing the root tips or penetrate the parenchyma of the root.
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